[Pellet-users] Universal restriction

[Rinke Hoekstra]

Hi,

Because of the open world assumption, Pellet cannot infer that  
Pessoa_10 only buys from stores. Pessoa_10 may well also buy from  
other things. The someValuesFrom restriction is 'triggered' as soon as  
Pellet knows that Pessoa_10 buys from a single store. The  
allValuesFrom restriction isn't. In general, allValuesFrom  
restrictions can never be used to infer the type of individuals  
directly.

One way around this is by using a minCardinality or someValuesFrom  
restriction in the equivalent class, combined with an allValuesFrom  
restriction in the sub class. This will allow you to infer that if  
Pessoa_10 buys from one store, then he/she will only buy from stores,  
which will make Pellet infer that everything that Pessoa_10 buys from  
is a store (even if you haven't explicitly said so).

Good luck.

Cheers,

	Rinke


On 26 mei 2008, at 17:37, Alex Pinheiro das Graças wrote:

>
> Hello,
> I am creating a ontology in Jena and using the pellet as the  
> reasoner. I am having some problems with my ontology.
> My complete owl ontology file is at the end of this e-mail. It is a  
> simple ontology to test some concepts.
>
> Person
>   |-> Client (Necessary/Sufficient: buy_from only store)
>   |-> Employee
> Store
> Industry
>
>
> I use the 'only' clause to restrict the class client.
> Client:  buy_from only store. But when I run pellet it doesn't infer  
> that the individual Pessoa_10 is a client.
>
>     <Person rdf:ID="Pessoa_10">
>         <buy_from rdf:resource="#Loja_1"/>
>     </Person>
>
> but if I change the class Client to this:
> Client:  buy_from some store it works.
>
> But I'd like to use 'only' instead some. Why it doesn't works ? What  
> am I doing wrong?
>
> Regards.
>
> The client Class:
> <owl:Class rdf:ID="Client">
>         <owl:equivalentClass>
>             <owl:Class>
>                 <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
>                     <owl:Restriction>
>                         <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="#buy_from"/>
>                         <owl:allValuesFrom rdf:resource="#Store"/>
>                     </owl:Restriction>
>                     <owl:Class rdf:about="#Person"/>
>                 </owl:intersectionOf>
>             </owl:Class>
>         </owl:equivalentClass>
>     </owl:Class>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> -- OWL File --
> <?xml version="1.0"?>
>
>
> <!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF [
>     <!ENTITY owl "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" >
>     <!ENTITY xsd "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" >
>     <!ENTITY rdfs "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" >
>     <!ENTITY p1 "http://www.owl-ontologies.com/assert.owl#" >
>     <!ENTITY rdf "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" >
> ]>
>
>
> <rdf:RDF xmlns="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Ontology1211517613.owl#"
>      xml:base="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Ontology1211517613.owl"
>      xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
>      xmlns:p1="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/assert.owl#"
>      xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
>      xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
>      xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
>     <owl:Ontology rdf:about=""/>
>     <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID="buy_from"/>
>     <owl:Class rdf:ID="Client">
>         <owl:equivalentClass>
>             <owl:Class>
>                 <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
>                     <owl:Restriction>
>                         <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="#buy_from"/>
>                         <owl:allValuesFrom rdf:resource="#Store"/>
>                     </owl:Restriction>
>                     <owl:Class rdf:about="#Person"/>
>                 </owl:intersectionOf>
>             </owl:Class>
>         </owl:equivalentClass>
>     </owl:Class>
>     <owl:Class rdf:ID="Employee">
>         <owl:equivalentClass>
>             <owl:Class>
>                 <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
>                     <owl:Class rdf:about="#Person"/>
>                     <owl:Restriction>
>                         <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="#works_for"/>
>                         <owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="#Industry"/>
>                     </owl:Restriction>
>                 </owl:intersectionOf>
>             </owl:Class>
>         </owl:equivalentClass>
>     </owl:Class>
>     <owl:Class rdf:ID="Industry">
>         <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="#Store"/>
>         <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="#Person"/>
>     </owl:Class>
>     <Store rdf:ID="Loja_1"/>
>     <owl:Class rdf:ID="Person">
>         <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="#Industry"/>
>     </owl:Class>
>     <Person rdf:ID="Pessoa_10">
>         <buy_from rdf:resource="#Loja_1"/>
>     </Person>
>     <owl:Class rdf:ID="Store">
>         <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="#Industry"/>
>     </owl:Class>
>     <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID="works_for"/>
> </rdf:RDF>
>
> -- OWL File --
> -- 
> Alex Pinheiro das Graças
> UFES
> Vitória, Brasil _______________________________________________
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-----------------------------------------------
Drs. Rinke Hoekstra

Email: hoekstra at uva.nl    Skype:  rinkehoekstra
Phone: +31-20-5253499     Fax:   +31-20-5253495
Web:   http://www.leibnizcenter.org/users/rinke

Leibniz Center for Law,          Faculty of Law
University of Amsterdam,            PO Box 1030
1000 BA  Amsterdam,             The Netherlands
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